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Xalapa
Xalapa (often spelled Jalapa, and archaically in English and pronounced Halapa) 〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/INV_JED/JALAPA_XALAPA_or_HALAPA.html )〕 (; ; officially Xalapa-Enríquez (:xaˈlapa enˈrikes)), is the capital city of the Mexican state of Veracruz and the name of the surrounding municipality. In the year 2005 census the city reported a population of 387,879 and the municipality of which it serves as municipal seat reported a population of 413,136.〔(Link to tables of population data from Census of 2005 ) INEGI: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática.〕 The municipality has an area of 118.45 km². Xalapa lies near the geographic center of the state and is the second-largest city in the state after the city of Veracruz to the southeast.
==Etymology==
The name ''Xalapa'' comes from the Nahuatl roots ''xālli'' "sand" and ''āpan'' "water place", which approximately means "spring in the sand." It is classically pronounced in Nahuatl, though the final is often omitted; the sound (like English ''sh'') was written ''x'' in the 16th century. This does not occur in modern Spanish, and its counterpart is the or sound, normally written ''j.'' The spelling ''Xalapa'' (like the word ''México'') reflects the archaic pronunciation.
The full name of the city is Xalapa-Enríquez, named in honor of 19th-century Governor Juan de la Luz Enríquez. The city's nickname, ''La ciudad de las flores'' ("The City of Flowers"), was bestowed by Alexander von Humboldt, who visited the town on 10 February 1804. The reference is also related to the city's earlier colonial history. In folklore, the Spaniards believed that Xalapa was the birthplace and home of the ''Florecita'', which literally means "little flower".
Residents of Xalapa are called ''Xalapeños'' or ''Jalapeños'', which is the name given to the popular long peppers cultivated in this area.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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